Table 3 |
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Group comparisons of memory functions at T1 and T2 |
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|
Domain or Test |
Methadone (n = 13) |
Buprenorphine or Buprenorphine/Naloxone (n = 15) |
Normal Comparison (n = 15) |
Group effect |
Statistical comparisons between normal comparison and patient groups using years of education and VIQ adjusted scores, whenever possibleb |
Effect sizes, whenever possible |
|
|
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|
M (SD) |
M (SD) |
M (SD) |
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|
|
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|
Working memory, raw scores |
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|
|
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|
WMS-III Letter-Number Sequencing at T1 |
9.6 (2.3) |
8.4 (2.3) |
11.7 (3.2) |
F (2, 38) = 4.57 p = 0.017* |
t(27) = 1..84, p = 0.074, M vs. NC = ns |
d = 0.68 |
|
t(29) = 3.02, p = 0.008, NC > BN ** |
d = 1.01 |
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|
WMS-III Letter-Number Sequencing at T2 |
8.6 (2.1) |
9.2 (2.3) |
11.6 (2.9) |
F (2, 38) = 4.19, p = 0.023* |
t(27) = 2.76, p = 0.018, NC > M* |
d = 1.05 |
|
t (29) = 2.39, p = 0.022, NC > BN * |
d = 0.83 |
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|
|
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|
PASAT at T1 |
31.4 (9.2) |
31.8 (10.7)a |
46.7 (9.4) |
F (2, 38) = 9.84 p = 0.001*** |
t(27) = 4.19, p < 0.001, NC > M *** |
d = 1.43 |
|
PASAT at T2 |
31.6 (8.6) |
34.1 (8.4) |
46.0 (8.7)a |
F (2, 38) = 7.15 p = 0.002** |
t(29) = 3.70, p < 0.001, NC > BN*** |
d = 1.54 |
|
t(27) = 3.47, p = 0.002, NC > M** |
d = 1.42 |
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|
t(29) = 3.32, p = 0.002, NC > BN** |
d = 1.24 |
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|
|
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|
Immediate verbal memory, raw scores |
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|
|
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|
Memory for Persons Data, first trial at T1 |
10.7 (2.6) |
10.8 (2.5) |
13.0 (1.5) |
χ2(2, N = 43) = 8.91 p = 0.012* |
U = 43.0, p = 0.011, NC > M* |
- |
|
U = 51.5, p = 0.020, NC > BN* |
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|
|
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|
Memory for Persons Data, sum of last two trials (T1) |
14.9 (0.2) |
14.6 (0.7) |
14.9 (0.2) |
χ2 (2, N = 43) = 2.75 p = 0.25 |
- |
- |
|
|
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|
WMS-III Logical Memory, immediate free recall (T1) |
12.9 (2.4) |
15.1 (4.3) |
16.3 (3.6) |
F (2, 38) = 1.90, p = 0.16 |
- |
- |
|
WMS-III Logical Memory, immediate free recall (T2) |
14.2 (3.1) |
14.1 (3.3) |
16.3 (3.1) |
F (2, 38) = 1.25, p = 0.30 |
- |
- |
|
|
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|
Memory consolidation, percentages |
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|
|
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|
WMS-III Logical Memory, free recall after short-delay (30 min) (T1) |
91.4 (15.3) |
91.7 (14.0) |
87.5 (13.1) |
F (2, 38) = 0.64, p = 0.94 |
- |
- |
|
WMS-III Logical Memory, free recall after short (30 min) delay (T2) |
87.1 (14.4) |
93 .8 (17.1) |
98.3 (14.1) |
F (2, 38) = 1.28, p = 0.29 |
- |
- |
|
|
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|
Memory for Persons Data, free recall after short delay (30 min) (T1) |
92.8 (7.9) |
98.2 (6.1) |
98.7 (3.1) |
χ2(2, N = 43) = 4.48 p = 0.11 |
- |
- |
|
|
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|
Memory for Persons Data, free recall after long delay (4 – 8 mo) (T2) |
22.1 (18.1) |
29.8 (23.2) |
32.4 (22.1) |
χ2(2, N = 43) = 1.54 p = 0.46 |
- |
- |
|
|
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|
Memory for Persons Data, recognition after long delay (4 – 8 mo) (T2) |
79.6 (10.6) |
82.1 (12.9) |
81.3 (10.7) |
F (2, 38) = 0.60 p = 0.55 |
- |
- |
|
|
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|
Memory complaints, raw score |
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|
|
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|
The Memory Complaint Questionnaire (T1) |
26.6 (5.7) |
26.0 (5.4) |
20.4 (2.5) |
χ2(2, N = 43) = 11.25 |
U = 39.0, p = 0.012, NC < M* |
- |
|
p = 0.004** |
U = 40.0, p = 0.008, NC < BN ** |
- |
||||
|
The Memory Complaint Questionnaire (T2) |
25.6 (3.2) |
24.5 (6.7) |
20.4 (1.5) |
χ2 (2, N = 43) = 14.04 |
U = 16.5, p < 0.001, NC < M*** |
|
|
p = 0.001*** |
U = 49.0, p = 0.015, NC < BN * |
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|
|
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|
Note: PASAT = Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task; WMS-III = Wechsler Memory Scale-third version. BN = buprenorphine or buprenorphine/naloxone, M = methadone, NC = Normal comparison. a = Missing value of one participant was substituted by carry-over value from the first test. *** = statistically significant at level p < 0.001, ** = statistically significant at level p < 0.01, * = statistically significant at level p < 0.05, ns = non-significant. |
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|
Rapeli et al. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy 2009 4:6 doi:10.1186/1747-597X-4-6 |
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